Automatic firearm.



S. P AULSON.

' AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED .mmzs. 1908.

Patented Mar. 1,1910.

. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

yzw

' WITNESSES.

MMA M ATTORNEY 3. PAULSON.

AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED 11111.25. 190s.

Patented Mar. 1, 1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

4 WITNESSES:

SIVIL PAULSON, OF RED WILLOW, ALBERTA, CANADA.

AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SIVIL PAULSON, a citizen of Canada, residing at Red Willow,

Province of Alberta, Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Firearms, ofwhich the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to firearms and especially to that class known as automatic repeaters.

Theobject of theinvention is to produce an arm of this class which will be reliable in actionfsimple in construction, which is not liable to become deranged, and which can be predeterminately and interchangeably employed to fire its charges automatically and in rapid succession, or to have the discharges occur by manipulating the triger. b The invention consists in the novel construction and adaptation of devices and the combinations thereof, as will be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, which illustrate an embodiment of the invention as applied to a rifle, Figure 1 isa longitudinal vertical sec-- tion of a portion of a firearm in condition for firing. Fig. 2 is a similarview with the breech-block in its rearmost position and a cartridge in position to be conveyed into the gun barrel through {the retraction of said breech-block. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of the gun and breech-block disclosing the shell ejecting devices. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the breech-block, and Flg. 5 is a View of the hammerand allied parts to illustrate a phase of, the gun-action. I

The reference numeral 1 designates the barrel of a rifle which is rigidly connected with the frame 2 and to the forearm 3. The frame is chambered, as at 1, for the housing of the operative gun-parts, and is provided at the bottom with an opening 5 for the reception of a cartridge magazine 6, of the box type, which is removably held in place by suitable means, such as a spring-pressed latch engaging within a notch 8-provided in the magazine casing.

Positioned within the chamber 4 is a breech-block 9 having inte ral therewith forwardly extending bars 9 which terminate in an end 9". Said bars are offset sufficiently to extend into a way 10 provided in the fore-arm and are spaced apart so as to extend upon each side of said magazine.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 1, 1910.

Application filed January 25, 1908. Serial No. 412,545.

At the rear end of the way 10 is a post 11 to furnlsh an abutment between which and the end 9 of the block extension is a helical spring 12 serving to yieldingly retain the breech-block so that its front end will bea against the rear of the barrel.

The breech-block is bored and counterbored, as at 13 and 14, to respectively accommodate a longitudinally arranged firingpin 15 and the enlarged shank 15 thereof; the counter-bored portion being of such length as to accommodate a spring 16 between its inner end and the adjacent end of such shank. The ofiice of this spring is to yieldingly retain the firing-pin so as to have its point normally sheathed by the block to an extent limited by a notch 17 provided in the firing-pin for the play of a fixed stoppin 18 therefor in the breech-block.

In the side of the block 9 is a recess 19 for an extractor 20 which protrudes forward of the front of the block as a hook terminating in a sharp edge and having a sloping inner face 20' from the hook-bill outwardly. The extractor is fulcrumed to a pin 21 and to the rear thereof is made relatively thin, as at 20", so as to afford sufficient resiliency for the hooked outer end to be sprung outwardly engaging over the rim of a cartridg shell as the block is forcibly drawn thereagainst through the otfices of the spring 12.

Extending into the frame chamber 4 from the rear is an adjustable stud 22 which is disposed so that the block in its rearward travel will cause the firing-pin to impinge thereagainst, resulting in the pin being forced forwardly against the shell of a previously discharged cartridge, whereupon and through the engagement by the extractor of the rim from the frame through an opening 23, as will be understood from an inspection of Fig. 3.

The rearward movements of the breechblock are effected by the recoil had from the discharges of the successively fired cartridges but which are of such force that I cause the block to be retarded in its rear flights by providing an enlargement or abutment having an obturating slopingface 4 at the top of the frame chamber.

24 is the gun hammer pivotally mounted upon a fixed fulcrumpin 25 and is provided with a notch 24 whereby it is engaged by a mainspring 26 with the toe of a sear 27 which, intermediate its length, is fulcrumed to a fixed pin 28. The trigger 29 is pivotally connected to the pin 28 and is pivotally connected at its rear by a pin 30 with a tumbler 31. This tumbler 31 is formed with a shoulder 31 serving upon occasion as a support for then maintaining the sear in disengaged position with respect to the hammer, see Fig. 1. The tumbler is provided at the rear of said shoulder with an upwardly extending fin er 31 arranged for engagement by a sa ety-lock, when so desired to safe-guard the gun against firing. This lock consists of a bolt 32 which extends transversely through the frame and is notched upon its periphery, as at 32, so that when the bolt is par tially rotated to present such notch opposite the tumbler-finger the latter is not engaged thereby leaving the various operative parts of the gun free to act. When the bolt is, however, rotated 'sufiiciently to present the opposite unrecessed part of the bolt to the tumbler, as represented in Fig. 2, then by its engagement with the tumbler it is locked against retrograde movement and prevents the sear toe from being withdrawn from the hammer-notch 24 or the releasing of the hammer. Upon the end of the bolt and exteriorly of the frame is an ,arm 32" for adjusting the same.

The mainspring 26 extends through an aperture 24; of the hammer and exerts a pressure against the front'and rear edges 33 and 34, respectively, according to whether the hammer is at the front or rearmost of its angular positions. When pressing against the edge 33 its effect is to cause the hammer to deliver a blow to the firing-pin in the attainment of which the hammer is tilted to bring the other edge 34 thereof to bear with the mainspring and assist the rebounding movement of the hammer.

35 is a spring provided to tiltably pressthe sear to the rear of its fulcrum pin for causing the engagement of the sear-toe Within the hammer --notch, when unobstructed by the tumbler, or, where the tumbler is in opposition, the spring tends -to press the heel 27 of the sear against the aforesaid tumbler shoulder, 31'.

Another spring 36 is provided to act upon the tumbler in such manner as to press the same forwardly and downwardly and likewise to swing the trigger forward into the position in which it is illustrated in Figs. 1 and 5. Said spring '36 may be inserted through an a erture in the tumbler, similarly to the ammer connection wlth its spring, as above explained, or as shown in the drawings, b employing a stud 37 upon the tumbler or engagement with the spring 36.

38 is a bolt which is socketed in a channel 39 of the fore-arm in advance of and communicating with the way 10, and is, by the provision of an elongated notch 40 and a stop 41, adapted to be moved in or out to a' extractor 20 and the firing-pin 15, as before explained. The spring 36 acting on the sear 27 forces the toe of the latter to engage the hammer and retain the same in such cocked position so long as the trigger is held back by a finger gri as inFig. 2, to prevent the shoulder 31 o the tumbler being obtruded by the spring 36 below the heel 27 of the sear.

The block being released by the rod 38 and through the agency of the retractile spring 12 is propelled forward to convey a cartridge which has been elevated from the magazine into the barrel 1. To fire the cartridge thus deposited, the trigger is allowed to move forward and permit the shoulder of the tumbler passing below the heel of the sear whereby the power of the spring 35 is overcome and the toe ofthe sear disengaged from the hammer, which being released is urged forward by the mainspring 33 to effect the firing. In Fig. 5 I show the tumbler accomplishing such ends.-

When the firing occurs the recoil from the explosion forces the breech-block rearwardly, accompanied by the hammer, with suflicient power to overcome the retarding of the block by the chamber face 4, and the counter action due to the mainspring 33.

In Fig. 2 the safety lock is shown in operative osition to prevent the tumbler being moved downwardly, and is made ineffective by partially rotating the same to present the notch 32 opposite the tumbler finger 31", as in Figs. 1 and 5.

Having described my invention, what Iv claim, is-

1. In an automatic firearm, the combination with the barrel, a frame, and a fore-arm provided with a way, of a breech-block mounted in the frame and provided with an extension projecting into said way, a firingpin provided in the block, a spring within said way and tending to yieldingly maintain said block against the end of the barrel, a hammer, a mainspring, a trigger, a tumbler pivotally connected wlth the trigger, a sear adapted for engagement with sald hammer, sai sear being adapted to be disengaged from said hammer by the tumbler when the latter is moved downwardly and forwardly,

'a tumbler, pivotally connected with the trigger, a sear adapted for engagement with said hammer, a spring for accomplishing such engagement, said sear being adapted to be disengaged from said hammer by the tumbler when the latter is moved downwardly and forwardly, a spring for effecting such movement of the tumbler, and means for preventing such movement.

3. In an automatic firearm, the combination with the barrel, a frame, and a fore-arm provided with a way, of a breech-block mounted in the frame and provided with an extension projecting into said way, a spring .within said way and tending to yieldmgly maintain said block against the end of the barrel, an extractor carried by the block, a bolt extending into said forearm and adapted for engagement with said extension, a

' hammer, a mainspring, a trigger, a tumbler pivotally connected with the trigger, a sear adapted for engagement with sald hammer, a spring for accomplishing such engagement, said sear being adapted to be dlsengaged from said hammer by the tumbler when the,

latter is moved downwardly and forwardly, a spring for effecting such movement of the tumbler, and means for preventing such movement.

4. In an automatic firearm, the combination with the barrel, a frame, and a fore-arm provided with a way, of a breech-block mounted in the frame and provided with an exten-' sion projecting into said way, a firing-pin provided in the block, a spring within said way and tending to yieldingly maintain said block against the end of the barrel, a bolt extending into said fore-arm and adapted for engagement with said extension, an extractor carried by said block, a hammer, a

mainspring, a trigger, a. tumbler pivotally I connected with the trigger, a sear adapted for engagement with said hammer, a spring for accomplishing such engagement, said sear being adapted to be disengaged from said hammer by the tumbler when the latter is moved downwardly and forwardly, a sprin for effecting such movement of the tumb er, means for preventing such move ment, and a stud which coacts with the firing-pin and said extractor for making the latter operative. i

5. In an automatic firearm, a frame having a barrel and a breech-block in the frame, a trigger, a tumbler pivoted atone end to the rear side of said trigger between the pivoted point of the latter and its outer end, a shoulder on the tumbler with a finger projecting upwardly from the shoulder, a pivoted sear havin its rear end for engagement with said shoul er, a hammer for engagement with the sear, and a rotatable element to engage said finger of the tumbler to render the movement of the trigger inoperative. 6. In an automatic firearm, a frame having a barrel and a breech-block in the frame, a hammer, a trigger, a sear, a single p111 for pivoting said sear between ts ends and stud trigger at its upper end, said sear engaging said hammer at Its free end, and a tumbler pivoted to the trigger to engage the rear end of the sear, to control the engagement and disengagement of said sear wlth sald hammer.

7. In an automatic firearm, the combination wit-l1 a hammer, of a trigger and a pivoted sear, the sear at one end engaging the hammer, a tumbler pivoted to the trlgger to engage the rear end of the sear, and means extending transversely of said tumbler and having a cam action thereon whereby to cause said tumbler to swing clear of sa1d sear, whereby to render said tumbler inoperative on said sear. H

In testimony whereof I aflix my slgnature in presence of two witnesses.

SIVII PAULSON. 

